One Direction Where We Are Tour Review free essay sample

Throughout my high school experience, One Direction has always been present in my life.I’m embarrassed to say that I know way too much about those five british boys. About five years ago, Harry Styles, Niall Horan, Zayn Malik, Louis Tomlinson, and Liam Payne all auditioned for the TV show â€Å"The X Factor† as solo artists until Simon Cowell decided their careers would skyrocket much faster if they were put together as a boyband. Since then, One Direction have come out with three albums, sold millions of records, and gone on three sold out tours. I have been to at least one show of each of their tours and I believe it’s safe to say that the most recent one they have been on, the Where We Are tour, has definitely been the best. Three weeks ago, I attended my fourth One Direction concert. Although I wouldn’t characterize myself as much of a fan anymore, I still had a fantastic time. We will write a custom essay sample on One Direction Where We Are Tour Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The concert took place at the Rose Bowl in pasadena which could not have been more convenient considering the Rose Bowl is a five minute drive from my house. The first opening act was a solo singer named Jamie Scott who I had never heard of until then. He was an adorable british indie singer who did a great job of blowing me away. All he did was sit on a stool but his pure talent made it quite the performance. I knew right about then that the night would be great. Next up on stage was an Australian pop-punk band called 5 Seconds of Summer. I have known and loved them for a bit over a year now because they toured with One Direction on their last tour. I knew about half of the songs they performed so the excitement really pumped me up for One Direction to come on. The set lasted about an hour but it seemed so much shorter because of the pure ecstasy they filled the crowds hearts with. Being a One Direction fan and being a 5 Seconds of Summer fan kind of goes hand in hand in the world of boybands. After those Australian cuties got off the stage, the night was really about to begin. The stadium was being filled with anticipation and excitement as the wait for One Direction started to come to a close. The ten second countdown stretched on for what seemed like an eternity. Finally, the boys took the stage. The screams from tens of thousands of girls resulted in the first song, â€Å"Midnight Memories,† barely being heard. Considering everyone knew all of the words anyway, that hardly mattered. Being in row 21, seat 9, really made the experience that much more unreal. Around ten feet to my left, there was a long runway that connected to the stage to allow the boys to get closer to the crowd. I was within throwing distance of the biggest current boy band in the world and I could not have had a better time. As the night went on, the show only got better. Those five twenty-something year olds each have a unique and beautiful voice. They found the perfect balance of slow songs and fast songs which gave everybody in the crowd something they enjoyed listening to. Each concert I have gone to, they have played different songs which only adds to the excitement. Before the concert, I was wondering which songs were going to be sung and I was extremely satisfied with the ones I heard. All of my expectations had been fulfilled and they truly outdid themselves. The main album featured in this tour is called Midnight Memories although they also featured songs from Take Me Home and Up All Night. In my opinion, the bests of the night were â€Å"Little Black Dress,† â€Å"Better Than Words,† â€Å"Kiss You,† and the closing song, â€Å"Best Song Ever.† Those select songs were filled with energy and pure joy from all five band mates and it was thrilling to see how much fun t hey were having up there on stage. Out of all the boy bands in todays era, I would say confidently that One Direction is my favorite. They seem to have so much personality and quirkiness to them compared to other similar bands. They will always have a special place in my heart for One Direction even if I’m not a diehard fan anymore. Every rose has its thorn, and this concert definitely did have some drawbacks. Parking for the event was highly expensive and it took around an hour to leave the parking lot at the end of the night. The last thing I wanted to do at 11 o’clock on a Thursday night was wait in traffic so that aspect of the show was definitely not the best. I definitely still did enjoy the show but on top of everything, having a sinus infection really did not help either. I tried to forget how stuffed up I was and enjoy the whole night but it resulted in me coughing and sneezing everywhere. In my opinion, it was all worth it because when I think back on it, I don’t think about how sick I was or how incredibly annoying parking was, I think about how much fun I had when the music was playing. If I had to rate the concert from 1-10, I would definitely give it a 9. The drawbacks really did not have a strong impact on how great that night was. It may not be something you think would appeal to you, but you would be surprised by the amount of fun you might have. This band appeals mostly to teenage girls but I think that if anyone would really give them a chance, they might just find themselves dancing and singing along when they are driving alone in their car. It was event not to be missed and I cannot wait for my next opportunity to see One Direction live.

Societal Marketing Strategies

Societal Marketing Strategies Free Online Research Papers Societal marketing concept focuses to balancing three ways that is consumer’s wants, society’s interest and company profit. When organisation setting their marketing strategies. It should determine the needs, wants, interest of target market and bring value to customer to maintain and improve the consumer’s long term interest and to satisfy customer needs. At the same time, organisation also should take into account the society’s well being such as participant or sponsor project of charities and environmental protection. Apart from that, company profit also should be considered when making marketing decisions. Example1. DiGi DiGi is a leading mobile communications company, it providing a wide range of affordable, convenient and easy to use wireless services to simplify and enrich the lives of its customers. DiGi create value for their customers by selecting the most appropriate cutting edge technology so that they benefit from products and services that give them choice, convenience and control. Under this excellent operates, DiGi’s revenue has more than RM4.9 billion in the last five years. Throughout the years, DiGi has recognized that they are part of the community, so they have the responsibility to make better the lives of those around them and share alike the concerns and cares of the community. DiGi take part in many of the projects associated with charities, such as in particularly projects aim to educate young Malaysians on the impact of climate change, and on energy efficiency and waste management. Apart from that, DiGi also support for specific medical issues that place vulnerable groups in our community. In 2007, during a renovation project, DiGi donated more than over 200 units of used furniture items from our office to the local community. In addition, DiGi donated more than 230 used laptops to the local schools and charity homes in our local community in Selangor and Sabah. Moreover, since 2008, DiGi continued with organizing a DSpring campaign across these offices in Malaysia. The purpose of this campaign is instilling the importance of environmental protection to DiGi’s employee. Example 2. The Body Shop The Body Shop is a cosmetics company that being more than 30 years in over 55 countries. The Body Shop aims in using natural ingredients to produce high quality of products to satisfy consumer’s needs. Apart from that, customer will receive different grades of gift from employees when purchase product for about hundred ringgit and above. Therefore, customer will attract by the attractive gifts and willing to purchase much more goods. The Body Shop is not only focus on selling products, they are also concerned with human welfare, Support Community Trade is them commitment to trading fairly and responsibly with suppliers. They actively seek out small-scale farmers, traditional craftspeople, and even rural cooperatives to using them highly skilled experts at their work, at the same time to help them improve standard of living. Moreover, The Body Shop created a global campaign that calls â€Å"Stop Violence in the Home† and it’s operates in 56 countries around the world (included Malaysia) to inspire customers and employees to get active against domestic violence. This campaign aims to raise awareness of the issue and collects funds to help those affected. In addition, The Body Shop’s policy is Reduce. Reuse. Recycle. It avoids excess packaging whenever possible. In fact, were currently introducing bottles made from 100% post consumer recycled plastics. Whether seeking out renewable resources, sustainable raw ingredients, or finding better ways of protecting the rainforests, Example 3. Panasonic Malaysia Sdn Bhd Panasonic Malaysia Sdn Bhd is another company that implement the societal marketing concept. The organisation realized that global warming is a serious issue in now. Therefore, Panasonic uses their inverter technology to produce products which can be greatly reduced the total consumption of energy and the cost of electronic charges that consumer need to pays. Inverter technology can be used for various electronic devices such as refrigerators, air conditioners and microwaves. Moreover, Panasonic aims to step up its social contribution activities. They are now conducting ocean preservation activities, and they especially try to protect coral, which faces difficulties to survive, adding that Panasonic sends a team once a year to the coast of Terengganu to clean the ocean and build artificial reefs to encourage the growth of coral. In addition, Panasonic are also conducting learning sessions with local primary schools on how important the ocean is for us, and how we can protect it. Panasonic is working closely with Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and the Marine Parks of Malaysia on these initiatives. Research Papers on Societal Marketing StrategiesMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductDefinition of Export QuotasAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanHip-Hop is ArtBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemGenetic Engineering

Public reason as conceived by John Rawls is incapable of Essay

Public reason as conceived by John Rawls is incapable of satisfactorily resolving the issue of same-sex marriage. Discuss this statement - Essay Example Rawls maintained that ‘the restriction inflicted by public reason is not applicable to all political issues but only relate to those associated with what one can term it as â€Å"constitutional fundamentals’ and questions of fundamental justice1. In the United States, where the value of marriage is advocated through public announcements and educational policies, and is obviously associated to the good citizenship, the gay-couple marriage prohibition does not just divest lesbians, gays, and bisexuals of the legal rights of marriage. Further, public reason tries to exclude gays from institutions which is regarded as basic to the good character and public morality. If the exclusion cannot be trounced by public reason, then the symbolic inequality may reasonably impact an individual’s self-respect. Rawls’ defences of same-sex marriage have been made on the footing of public reason and mainly on the fundamentals of neutrality and equality2. This resea rch essay will discuss in detail why there is a need to legalise the same-sex marriage and why the non-liberal states have to disown the Rawls’s public reason, thereby legalising the same-sex marriage and respecting their citizens’ free and equal rights in their desire to choose his or her life companion. John Rawls’ public reason is fundamentally a theory for accomplishing legitimacy in a liberal democratic society, where the citizens of a state are regarded as free and equal. Thus, in a liberalised society, liberties and rights of individuals are regarded as significant. Public Reason could be explained as a set of principle that citizens of a liberal society may offer one another as the causes and which they reasonably anticipate the other citizens to reasonably to pursue , especially when basic political issues are at jeopardy and when comprehensive doctrines are at struggle. Rawls presents public reason as level-headedness. Thus, public reason

Prohibition in America 1920-1933 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prohibition in America 1920-1933 - Essay Example In 1920, the national policy of Prohibition began. The 18th Amendment to the Constitution had been officially ratified banning the sale, transportation and manufacture of alcohol in the US. ‘The Volstead Act of 1919, also known as the National Prohibition Enforcement Act, gave the 18th Amendment some teeth, clearly defining alcoholic beverage as one with an alcoholic content greater than 0.5 percent’ (Schultz 1999). But the enforcement of the Act became difficult as many Americans enjoyed liquor and would even break the law to acquire alcoholic beverages. ‘Rum fleets filled with liquor from Europe appeared off the Atlantic coast. As many as sixteen ships at a time would lie at anchor just outside US territorial waters while smaller boats made the run to safe harbors. The Canadian border was a sieve through which liquor easily flowed’ (Coffey 1975). As a result, the liquor flowed even finding its way to White House. It was a big failure. One of the important effects of Prohibition before repeal includes the declaration of US as officially â€Å"dry† from coast to coast.

Customs and traditions in the USA Essay Example for Free

Customs and traditions in the USA Essay Customs and traditions are important part of our culture, of our lives. Customs and traditions unite, build community. They provide identity. They tie us to our ancestors and heritage. They remind us of where we came from. Every country and every nation has its own traditions and customs. Its very important to know traditions and customs of different people. It will help you to know more about the history and life of different nations and countries. Custom is a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time; a thing that one does habitually. Tradition is the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or the fact of being passed on in this way; long-established custom or belief that has been passed on from one generation to another All countries have their social customs and peculiarities, and the US is no exception. The first group of custom which is worth speaking about is connected with meeting someone. When meeting someone for the first time, it is customary to shake hands, both for men and for women. Hugs are only exchanged between close friends. Kissing is not common. Among friends, it’s common for men to kiss ladies on one or both cheeks. Men don’t usually kiss or embrace each other. Americans usually introduce themselves by their first name and last name (such as â€Å"Hello, I’m John Smith†), or, if the setting is very casual, by their first name only (â€Å"Hi, I’m John†). The common response when someone is introduced to you is â€Å"Pleased to meet you.† Americans generally dislike formality or any sort of social deference due to age or position, and most quickly say ‘Please call me Rick (or Rita)’. To Americans, informality shows no lack of respect. Because of the rise of women’s liberation in America, women may be introduced with the title ‘Ms’ (pronounced ‘mizz’) and some women object to being addressed as ‘Miss’ or ‘Mrs’. In some social circles, women are introduced after their husbands, e.g. Mrs Chuck Whizzkid, in which case you shouldn’t address her as Chuck! Americans often reply ‘You’re Welcome’ or something similar when somebody thanks them, and they may think you’re impolite if you don’t do likewise. If someone asks ‘How are you?’, it’s usual to reply ‘Fine thanks’ and don’t complain even if you feel dreadful. Americans don’t have status or inherited titles (e.g. Sir or Lord) but it is necessary to defer to people with a professional title which has been earned. These include foreign diplomats (e.g. Sir), members of the Senate (Senator) or Congress (Congressman/Congresswoman), judges, medical doctors and others with a doctorate, military officers (e.g. General, Colonel), professors, priests and other religious ministers (e.g. Father, Rabbi, Reverend). If you’re invited to dinner, it’s customary to take along a small present, e.g. flowers, a plant, chocolates or a bottle of wine (but nothing extravagant or ostentatious). But choosing flowers you should remember that American people pay attention to the meaning of flowers. For example carnations are associated with bad luck, chrysanthemums are for cemeteries and roses signify love. Guests are normally expected to be punctual with the exception of certain society parties, when late arrival is de rigueur (provided you don’t arrive after the celebrity guest). It’s usual to arrive half an hour to an hour after the official start of a dance. Invitations to cocktail parties or receptions may state 5pm to 7pm, in which case you may arrive at any time between these hours. Dinner invitations are often phrased as 8pm for 8.30pm. This means you should arrive at 8pm for drinks and dinner will be served at 8.30pm. Anyone who arrives late for dinner or doesn’t turn up at all, should expect to be excluded from future guest lists. On the other hand, you must never arrive early. The custom of not taking off the shoes is peculiar to Americans. That is why don’t think of whether you should take off your shoes or not. If it is necessary the host will warn you about it himself. When watching American films I always wondered why Americans did not take off their footwear. The matter turns out to be that there is no much dirty and dust in American streets. Some people who were in America say that it is possible to sit on some pavements and not to make oneself dirty. One more reason explaining this custom is that majority of Americans prefer driving but not going of foot. That is why they are not afraid of dirtying their houses. Some families say grace before meals, so follow your host’s example before tucking in. Table manners are more relaxed in the U.S. than in many other countries. The fork is held in the right hand and is used for eating. The knife is used to cut something. To use the knife, the fork is switched to the left hand. To continue eating, the fork is switched back to the right hand. Don’t overstay your welcome. This becomes obvious when your host starts looking at his watch, talking about his early start the next day. The custom which is also typical for the USA is tipping. Most Americans are shocked by anyone who doesn’t tip or who tips too little. The one you will encounter most often is at restaurants. American restaurants do not add a service charge to the bill. Therefore it is expected that the customer will leave a tip for the server. Common practice is to leave a tip that is equal to 15% of the total bill for acceptable service, and about 20% for superior service. If the service was unusually poor, then you could leave a smaller tip, about 10%. Other professions where tipping is expected include hairdressers, taxi drivers, hotel porters, parking valets, and bartenders. The general rule is to tip approximately 15% of the bill. In situations where there is no bill the tip may range from $1 to $5, depending on the type of establishment and on how good the service was. The custom of tipping came to America from Great Britain. In the 18th century in Great Britain the boxes with the inscription T.I.P.S. which was meant To Insure Prompt Service were on the tables during having tea. Then this term came to America. Baby showers have been a tradition in the US for a long time now, and are growing in popularity here, too. What better excuse is there for getting a group of friends together than to celebrate a new life? Plus, the mum-to-be get lots of great presents for her and her baby, result! The only person who shouldnt arrange a baby shower is the mum-to-be. The whole event should be great fun and completely stress-free for her. Friends, family or work colleagues are the usual organizers. You could either keep it as a surprise for the mum-to-be, or tell her what you are planning. Baby showers usually have some sort of baby theme to get everyone in the mood. Popular themes include: Teddy bears tea party. Get hold of as many teddies as you can and make sure each guest brings one, too! As presents, they could bring teddy bear-related books. The cake could be in the shape of a teddy bear. You get the general idea! Nursery rhymes. Arrange toys linked to nursery rhymes around the room , such as shoes (There was an old lady), a spider (Little Miss Muffet), a bucket (Jack Jills pail), and toy boats (Row row row your boat). Ask guests if they can count how many rhymes are represented. Books. Ask each guest to bring a book that meant something to them as a child. Its a great way for mum to start up her childs library. For decoration, everyone could also bring books to arrange around the room. The cake could be in the shape of a fairytale book. One more tradition connected with babies is to give a baby a birthstone. The Tradition of Birthstones goes back further than written history. People wear jewelry containing stones designated for their Birth Month. In the USA there are a lot of traditions connecting with wedding. It is known that before marriage engagement takes place. As a rule a man invite a woman to the restaurant to make her a proposal. Engagement ring obligatory should have a brilliant. The diamond engagement ring originated with King Maximillian who presented Mary of Burgundy with a diamond ring in 1477 as a token of his love. And the ring is presented unexpectedly. It may found in the glass of champagne by the woman or in the bud of the rose. To my mind this tradition is very romantic. The tradition of a Bachelor Party which is held for the Groom and usually sponsored by The Best Man the night before the Wedding and a Bridal Shower which is usually sponsored by The Brides Maid is very popular in the USA. By the way the number of bridesmaids in America amount from two to twenty. The tradition of bridesmaids dressing the same as each other and in similar style to the bride comes from ancient days when it was believed that evil spirits have a more difficult time distinguishing which one is the bride and putting a hex on her. The tradition of a Wedding Rehearsal Dinner also takes place in America. It is usually celebrated between the immediate families of spouses in the late afternoon the day before the wedding. The Grooms Family traditionally provides for this celebration. The Wedding Ceremony is most often performed as part of a religious ceremony each with its own specific customs and traditions. On the day of the wedding the Groom does not see the Bride until the actual ceremony. As Custom would have it from Victorian Times: the Bride wears Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue, and a Sixpence in her shoe. The bride and groom exchange their rings to mark the permanent commitment of the new spouses to each other. The rings should be gold. According to history gold rings signified a financial sacrifice on the part of the prospective husband. Ring finger is the fourth ringer which is considered to be connected directly to the heart by a route that was called â€Å"the vein of love.† In the USA tradition of engraving of wedding rings is popular. The kiss on weddings dates back to the earliest days of civilization in the Middle East. A kiss was used as the formal seal to agreements, contracts, etc. In Ancient Rome a kiss was still being used as the legal bold to seal contracts. Hence the obvious use of the custom at the end of the wedding ceremony to â€Å"seal† the marriage vows. After the wedding ceremony newlyweds are covered with rice which is used as a symbol of fertility and as a wish for a â€Å"full pantry†. A Wedding Reception is usually held after the ceremony for all family and friends to celebrate. The Brides Family usually provides for this celebration. Traditionally the groom’s flower, worn on his lapel, usually matches one of the flowers in his bride’s bouquet. This tradition goes back to medieval times when knights wore the colors of their lady in tournaments. All of us know the tradition of throwing bridal bouquet and garter. The history of this tradition is very interesting I believe. In parts of Europe during the 14th contrary, having a piece of the bride’s clothing was thought to bring good luck. Guests would literally destroy the brides dress by ripping off pieces of fabric. In order to prevent this, brides began throwing their bouquets to the unwed girls. And grooms began to throw garter to unmarried men. One more wedding tradition is connected with CARRYING THE BRIDE OVER THE THRESHOLD Traditionally, the bride had to enter her new home the first time through the front door. If she tripped or stumbled while entering it was considered to be very bad luck. And the groom carried her over the threshold les she should stumble. Hence the tradition of the groom carrying the bride over the threshold. They bring us all together, no matter where we are. We can all relate to them and understand each other because we all use them. It is also a great connection for family and friends. There are traditions that are upheld for hundreds of years that are so important in our hearts. It links and connects us to past members of our family and our world whom we may never have gotten the chance to meet. They teach us about ourselves, our families, and the world around us. We can learn our history, why this tradition was started and what it signifies when we follow it today. They can work as the glue that holds us together. They are our culture, our heritage; they are us.

Oscar Wilde and His Fairy Tales Essay -- Oscar Wilde Fairy Tales Liter

Oscar Wilde and His Fairy Tales I. Introduction Wilde, Oscar (Fingal O’Flahertie Wills) (b. Oct. 16, 1854, Dublin, Ire ?d. Nov. 30, 1900, Paris, Fr.) Irish wit, poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere’s Fan (1893) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1899). He was a spokesman for Aestheticism, the late19th-century movement in England that advocated art for art’s sake. However, Oscar Wilde’s takeoff of his enterprise and, his shaping of his characteristic style of works could be both considered originating from his fairy tales. It was not until his first collection of fairy tales had come out that he was regarded as an influential author. The British magazine Elegance, in which his The Selfish Giant is said to be adequately regarded as â€Å"the perfect works?and, his complete collection of fairy tales are even said to be the quintessence of the pure English language, equates him with the famous Danish writer of fairy tales Hans Christian Anderson. In order to explore and study the fact why Oscar Wilde’s takeoff of his enterprise and, his shaping of his characteristic style of works could be both considered originating from his fairy tales, and the social, religious and aesthetic aspects of Oscar Wilde’s fairy tales, in this essay, I try to analyze from the angles of sociology and religion three of Oscar Wilde’s fairy tales, namely The Happy Prince, The Selfish Giant and The Young King, which personally I regard as the most typical characteristic style of Oscar Wilde’s works. In this essay, the first chapter gives a brief introduction and background of Oscar Wilde and his fairy tales; the second chapter summarizes the three fairy tales which I have chosen to study, namely The Happy Prince, The Selfish Giant and The Young King; the third chapter expounds from the angles of sociology and religion my personal in-depth study and analysis of the three fairy tales of Oscar Wilde; the last chapter gives a personal brief conclusion of the value of Oscar Wilde’s fairy tales. II. A Brief Introduction and Background of Oscar Wilde and His Fairy tales Once upon a time there was a boy named Oscar Wilde. Oscar lived on a far way land called Ireland with his mother and father. His parents loved him very much. They would often tell him folklore of their native land that greatly interested Oscar. One day, Oscar ... ...other aspects of society. However, through the use of rhetorical strategies such as manipulation of genre and persona, tone, and allusion he creates a means of expression that goes beyond overt social commentary to speak these beliefs to many, including those who may otherwise disagree with him. By making his views and creating stories immersed in fairy tales and Christianity, Wilde reveals his hope for the future of society and, more importantly, humankind. VI. Bibliography Drabble, Margaret. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. Britain: Oxford University Press, 1985. Holy Bible. China: China Christian Council, 2001. Oscar Wilde Homepage . (10 Mar, 2004?6 May, 2004) Snider, Clifton. â€Å"On the Loom of Sorrow.?Eros and Logos in Oscar Wilde’s Fairy Tales. . (30 Apr. 2004) The editorial departments of Merriam-Webster and Encyclopedia Britannica. Merriam Webster’s Encyclopedia of Literature. Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, Publishers Springfield, 1995. Wilde, Oscar. The Complete Works of Oscar Wilde. the U.S.: Harper Perennial, 1989. Wilde, Oscar and Jack Zipes. Complete Fairy Tales of Oscar Wilde. the U.S.: New American Library, 1996.

A review of my personal crime prevention strategy Essay

My idea for the preventative crime strategy is â€Å"soft drug† education. In many European countries, softer alcohols like wine and beer are not policed as strongly as hard liquor. The idea behind this began in Germany when alcoholism was beginning to become more and more prevalent. Said problem was thought to be solved if alcohol was introduced differently. To be introduced to the family or at a younger age, as less of a risky or dangerous or rebellious thing. This has led to a drop in alcoholism as these drinks are normalized from a young age. In turn, the United States school system has, for decades, been using the D.A.R.E. program but this has been shown not to actually work. It uses fear mongering and essentially educating students that if they were to come in contact with marijuana, they would die. This does not, has not, and will continue not to work. My idea is to create a strategy of soft drug education. This means treating marijuana, though schedule 1, as a weak or even purely/mostly medical drug instead of a dangerous gateway to amphetamines or heroin. So by removing the stigma of being a gateway, I hope to remove it from actually becoming one. Marijuana education would be taught differently; especially as decriminalization and legalization continue throughout the country in various stages. As of now, it is schedule 1, which means it has no medical properties. Currently, even cocaine is ranked as schedule 2, meaning it can be used in some medical scenarios. Marijuana is also often spoken of as a starter drug or gateway drug. An idea that began as simply an idea, but recently has become more of a reality. Drug dealers lacing the marijuana with addictive drugs, or mental addiction, even with people just chasing the high. But a new education could reframe the plant. This would be done so the young people coming in contact with it know what it does, what it looks like, and how it feels. Lying about drugs no longer works in a digital age. A heroin addict I once spoke to talked about how no one ever said how good drugs could feel, so if they lied about that and lied about weed killing you, why not keep trying? The gateway effect was not due to him wanting to try more drugs just to try more drugs. He had felt that if marijuana had not been this addictive and deadly substance, the other dangerous drugs would not be either. The lie itself led him to those harder drugs. So essentially institute a normalization effect on marijuana. Remove the idea that it is a narcotic. The best-case scenario would be for it to be seen as a medical drug first. Similar to Tylenol or cough syrup, a drug that is purely medical in the eyes of the public, first. The first way to go about it would be getting to the smokers first. Many times children will pick up a tobacco habit before marijuana and thus before hard drugs. So the first step would be printing medical information on cigarette cartons. More and more, tobacco companies have to put the cancer-addled pictures on the cartons, and though it is meant to be a deterrent from smoking, most smokers probably just don’t look at it. This is instituted by the Surgeon General and thus cannot be fought by the tobacco companies. So putting medical facts and statistics would lead a wandering eye to see benefits of what they may have previously heard is a dangerous drug. From here, there would need to be the differentiation between marijuana and harder drugs sucks as heroin, methamphetamine, and LSD. Those listed previously are all scheduled as narcotic only with zero medical use whatsoever. Again, cocaine is listed as safer than marijuana. So it is first important to work on changing this v iew. This could occur by interlacing the failing scare tactics with the benefits of marijuana. Many shops exist countrywide, and even on South Street here in Philadelphia where â€Å"tobacco paraphernalia† are sold. So in those places make ads that may push marijuana and tobacco but put down hard drugs. Along the lines of â€Å"When you snort cocaine your heart explodes, when you smoke weed you get hungry.† Different things similar to these. This along with the D.E.A. (Drug Enforcement Administration) rescheduling, the adult/population-wide feeling against the plant could begin to lift. If various states are legalizing and/or decriminalizing, along with the national government says it is less risky, people would be more open-minded. The most important push, however, would be the medicalization side. The best way to remove a stigma, to remove a dark side of something, is to make it beneficial. The inverse of this was seen with the medicine Sudafed. It was pulled from shelves when it became public knowledge that the drug could easily be used to manufacture forms of methamphetamine. Marijuana has already begun to be shown as a medicine. The drug has been used for soldiers to relieve post-traumatic stress disorder, with chemotherapy patients it increases appetite, in various illnesses such as arthritis it stops inflammation. Marijuana already has shown the potential in many ways to be a medicine. A cheap, easy to create, strong, and it has multiple uses, drug. If it were to be rescheduled and pushed publicly, in news or music or shows, as less of a narcotic and more of a medication, the stigma would fall away. This relates to community crime prevention in many ways. The first idea of which is the connection to the basics needed to commit a crime; a place, a person to commit the crime, and a crime itself. Even without a straightforward target, if the drug is no longer seen as a drug then the target is hardened. It is more difficult to see a legal, medical, plant as a dangerous and rebellious activity. This also falls into social disorganization theory, if marijuana is medical and harder drugs fall away, then the usage of marijuana could be seen as a norm in communities similar to tobacco use or over the counter pain killers; drug culture would begin to fall away and thus rougher communities could come together more against the harder drugs. A generation bypassing heroin use would more easily be able to push out the heroin dealers. So not only would the soft drug education lead to fewer people using the harder, more deadly drugs, but it could lead to communities pushing harder and more openl y against drug dealing. (As a side note: those who dealt/grew marijuana would easily be able to ascertain occupations in the then-legal marijuana growing industry, thus a legitimate job would prevent them from dealing other illicit drugs). As well as with fewer drug dealers present in neighborhoods, violence would drop dramatically. No more people violently high on cocaine or PCP or other â€Å"uppers† as well as no more drug-based robberies. Many drug dealers are robbed because they are seen as sources of money; so either they get robbed or often times they will carry firearms and shoot their robbers. Either way, there would potentially be a drop. As well as the growth of marijuana by those who have (though illegally) been doing it for years could show to be lucrative and make low-economic-class areas into self-made enterprise zones. As discussed in class, there must be an audience to market these ideas too as well. There are two main audiences: those who are 40 years old or older, those 12 and younger. The older crowd in order to push the idea that marijuana is not harmful, the younger in order to push that it is â€Å"really a medicine† and to keep pushing for other drugs being dangerous. As the FBI and ATF speakers also spoke about, the Hobbes Act is extremely important. But the ATF speaker brought up a strong point: marijuana can be grown anywhere hydroponically. It is currently not a Hobbes Act infringement because it cannot be traced. To tie in with my idea before, if Pennsylvania were to follow through with any of these ideas, then marijuana is no longer a drug and thus any/all sales of illicit drugs become federal crimes. There is nothing scarier than saying â€Å"ALL _____ CRIMES ARE FEDERAL CRIMES† and this would push drug sales into that category. The soft drug education has multiple parts. The rescheduling of marijuana, the bettered education and allowance of use, and the final step to make it publically seen as more of a medicine than a drug to get high off of. Especially since the indicia strain of marijuana (as opposed to sativa) mostly works with treating pain, hunger, insomnia, stress, anxiety, inflammation, and other medical ailments with less of a physical â€Å"high† from the drug.   With the proper pushing to legalize then re-educate the masses, hard drug use would drop dramatically. The main purpose is not only to allow for a medication to be used by the medical community but if this works it should prevent the gateway effect. Within a generation, a large-scale drop in heroin, LSD, cocaine (crack and powder), Mescaline, ecstasy, and all other truly dangerous schedules 1 drugs. That is my crime prevention strategy. Prevent the gateway effect and thus prevent a generation of drug crimes or drug-related crimes (such as in Goldkamp’s trichotomy) on a massive scale.